John, Heraclemon, Andrew and Theophilus of Egypt
Our Venerable Fathers John, Heraclemon, Andrew and Theophilus, Hermits of Egypt
Venerable · d. 4th century
Commemorated 12 June — With Onuphrius the Great, 2 December
John, Heraclemon, Andrew and Theophilus were four young hermits of the Egyptian desert in the fourth century, known from the Life of Onuphrius the Great. Boys who had studied together in the city of Oxyrhynchus in the Upper Thebaid, they left the world together in their youth for the love of God, were led by an angel to a desert elder, and after his death remained in a hidden oasis, living on the fruit of the trees and the water of a spring. There the monk Paphnutius, having just buried Onuphrius, found them; and on the Sabbath and the Lord's Day, as was their custom, an angel came and communed them — and Paphnutius with them — from the Holy Mysteries. Their brief, luminous story is one of the treasures of the literature of the desert.
These four saints lived in Egypt in the fourth century and are remembered together from the account preserved in the Life of Onuphrius the Great. After Abba Paphnutius had buried the great hermit Onuphrius, he continued his journey through the wilderness and came upon an oasis remarkable for its beauty and its abundance of fruit-bearing trees. From out of the desert four youths came to him; and when he had greeted them, they told him their story.
In their childhood, they said, they had lived in the city of Oxyrhynchus in the Upper Thebaid, where they had studied together, and had been kindled with a single desire — to give their lives wholly to God. So they left the city together and travelled for several days into the desert, until they were met by a man radiant with heavenly glory, who led them to an aged hermit. With that elder they settled; but after a year he reposed, and the four young men remained alone. "We have lived here six years now," they told Paphnutius; "our elder dwelt with us one year and then died, and since then we live here by ourselves, eating the fruit of the trees and drinking from the spring." Through the week each of them struggled apart in solitude; but on the Sabbath and the Lord's Day they would gather at the oasis and pray together, and on those days an angel of God appeared and communed them with the Holy Mysteries. They gave Paphnutius their names — John, Andrew, Heraclemon and Theophilus.
For the sake of their guest they did not go out that week into the desert but kept the whole week together in prayer; and on the following Saturday and Sunday Paphnutius too was granted to receive the Holy Gifts from the hands of the angel, and to hear the words: "Receive the imperishable Food, unending bliss and life eternal — the Body and Blood of the Lord Jesus Christ, our God." Emboldened, Paphnutius asked the angel whether he might remain in the desert to the end of his days, but was told that God had appointed him another path: he must return to Egypt and make known to the Christians the manner of life of the desert-dwellers. Bidding the four young men farewell, Paphnutius came after a three days' journey to the edge of the wilderness, where he found a small monastic settlement whose brethren received him with love. To them he related all that he had learned of the holy fathers he had met; and they wrote down a full account of his words and laid it up in the church, that all who wished might read it. So it is that the memory of these hidden saints, who would otherwise have been known to God alone, has come down to the whole Church.
Feast and commemoration
The four hermits are commemorated on December 2 (Old Calendar civil December 15), within the Nativity Fast, and again on June 12 together with Onuphrius the Great, in whose Life their story is preserved. Their commemoration is universal to the Byzantine rite.
Iconography
The four are depicted as young desert-dwellers — beardless or lightly bearded youths in the simple garb of Egyptian hermits, sometimes clad only in leaves in the manner of the anchorites of the deep desert — often shown together in the oasis, or grouped with Onuphrius and Paphnutius in the narrative icons of the Life of Onuphrius. No licence-clear image identified specifically as these four saints was available at the time of writing; none is stored here, and they are entered in the register of icons wanted for this collection.