Christmastide, day 3
Protomartyr Stephen
Saints commemorated
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Saint of the day
Stephen the Protomartyr
Stephen the Protomartyr (†c. 34) was the first of the seven deacons chosen by the Apostles and the first Christian to die for Christ. "Full of faith and of the Holy Spirit," he worked wonders among the people, confounded the Hellenist synagogues in debate, and, arraigned before the Sanhedrin on a charge of blasphemy, delivered the longest speech in the Acts of the Apostles before beholding "the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God." Stoned outside Jerusalem with the young Saul consenting, he died praying for his killers. His relics, hidden for centuries, were uncovered at Kaphar Gamala in 415. His chief feast is December 27; the uncovering of his relics is kept on September 15 and their translation to Constantinople on August 2.
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Our Righteous Father Theodore the Branded, brother of St Theophanes the Hymnographer
Theodore the Branded (Graptos, c. 775 – c. 840/841) was a Palestinian monk of the Lavra of Saint Sabbas, priest, hymnographer, and confessor of the holy icons under the second iconoclasm, and the elder of the two brothers surnamed Graptoi, "the Written-upon." With his brother Theophanes he was sent by the Patriarch of Jerusalem to Constantinople to contend for the veneration of images, and under three iconoclast emperors — Leo V, Michael II, and above all Theophilus — endured interrogation, imprisonment, and exile. In 836 Theophilus had twelve mocking iambic verses cut and burned with hot irons into the brothers' faces, whence their name; to the emperor they answered, "Write what you wish; at the Last Judgment you shall read your own writing." Theodore, the elder, did not live to see the icons restored: he died of his sufferings in prison at Apamea in Bithynia about the year 840. His brother, who survived to become Metropolitan of Nicaea, gathered his relics and composed a canon in his memory. He is kept on December 27, within the afterfeast of the Nativity.
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Theodore of Constantinople
Theodore I (†c. 686/687) was Archbishop and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in the difficult decade after the Sixth Ecumenical Council. A native of the imperial city, he served as a priest of Hagia Sophia and keeper of its sacred vessels before being raised to the patriarchal throne about the year 676. Deposed after some two years through slander and the pressure of the court, he bore his removal in patience; vindicated, he was restored to the throne in 683 and guided the Church of Constantinople to the end of his life, dying in peace about 686. He is kept on December 27, within the afterfeast of the Nativity.
Troparia & kontakia
Kontakion — Tone 3
Yesterday the Master came to us in the flesh, and today the servant departs from the flesh; yesterday he that reigneth was born according to the flesh, today the servant is stoned to death: for his sake the Protomartyr, the divine Stephen, is made perfect.
Kontakion — Tone 6 (Slavic books)
First wast thou sown upon the earth by the heavenly Husbandman, O all-praised Stephen; first didst thou shed thy blood upon the earth for Christ, O blessed one; first wast thou wreathed by him in heaven with the crown of victory, O beginning of the sufferers, crowned one, first-champion of the martyrs.
Magnification
We magnify thee, holy passion-bearer Stephen, and we honour thy precious sufferings, which thou didst endure for Christ.
Synaxarion
Theodore too has something great to boast of, as he departs from the earth: how great a thing — the branding upon his face!
Troparion — Tone 4
A royal diadem is set upon thy head for the contests thou didst endure for Christ God, O first combatant among the martyrs; for thou didst convict the frenzy of the Jews and behold thy Saviour at the right hand of the Father: entreat him ever, O Stephen, in behalf of our souls.
Troparion
A good fight didst thou fight, O Protomartyr of Christ, Apostle and Archdeacon Stephen, and didst expose the impiety of the tormentors; for, stoned by the hands of lawless men, thou didst receive a crown from the right hand on high, and didst cry aloud to God: Lord, lay not this sin to their charge.
Troparion — Tone 4
O God of our fathers, who dealest ever with us according to thy gentleness, take not thy mercy from us, but by the prayers of thy hierarch Theodore direct our life in peace.
Troparion — Tone 8
In thee, O Father, that which is according to the image was preserved with exactness; for taking up thy cross thou didst follow Christ, and by thy deeds thou hast taught us to despise the flesh, for it passeth away, but to care for the soul, a thing immortal. Wherefore thy spirit, O venerable Theodore, rejoiceth with the Angels.
Readings
Epistle
Hebrews 10.1-18
1For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect. 2For then would they not have ceased to be offered? because that the worshippers once purged should have had no more conscience of sins. 3But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year. 4For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins. 5Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me: 6In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure. 7Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. 8Above when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law; 9Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second. 10By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 11And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins: 12But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God; 13From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool. 14For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified. 15Whereof the Holy Ghost also is a witness to us: for after that he had said before, 16This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them; 17And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more. 18Now where remission of these is, there is no more offering for sin.
Acts 6.8-7.5, 47-60 (St Stephen)
8And Stephen, full of faith and power, did great wonders and miracles among the people. 9Then there arose certain of the synagogue, which is called the synagogue of the Libertines, and Cyrenians, and Alexandrians, and of them of Cilicia and of Asia, disputing with Stephen. 10And they were not able to resist the wisdom and the spirit by which he spake. 11Then they suborned men, which said, We have heard him speak blasphemous words against Moses, and against God. 12And they stirred up the people, and the elders, and the scribes, and came upon him, and caught him, and brought him to the council, 13And set up false witnesses, which said, This man ceaseth not to speak blasphemous words against this holy place, and the law: 14For we have heard him say, that this Jesus of Nazareth shall destroy this place, and shall change the customs which Moses delivered us. 15And all that sat in the council, looking stedfastly on him, saw his face as it had been the face of an angel. 1Then said the high priest, Are these things so? 2And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran, 3And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee. 4Then came he out of the land of the Chaldæans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell. 5And he gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on: yet he promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child. 47But Solomon built him an house. 48Howbeit the most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands; as saith the prophet, 49Heaven is my throne, and earth is my footstool: what house will ye build me? saith the Lord: or what is the place of my rest? 50Hath not my hand made all these things? 51Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye. 52Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One; of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers: 53Who have received the law by the disposition of angels, and have not kept it. 54When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart, and they gnashed on him with their teeth. 55But he, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God, 56And said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God. 57Then they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their ears, and ran upon him with one accord, 58And cast him out of the city, and stoned him: and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man’s feet, whose name was Saul. 59And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit. 60And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. And when he had said this, he fell asleep.
Gospel
Mark 11.22-26
22And Jesus answering saith unto them, Have faith in God. 23For verily I say unto you, That whosoever shall say unto this mountain, Be thou removed, and be thou cast into the sea; and shall not doubt in his heart, but shall believe that those things which he saith shall come to pass; he shall have whatsoever he saith. 24Therefore I say unto you, What things soever ye desire, when ye pray, believe that ye receive them, and ye shall have them. 25And when ye stand praying, forgive, if ye have ought against any: that your Father also which is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses. 26But if ye do not forgive, neither will your Father which is in heaven forgive your trespasses.
Matthew 21.33-42 (St Stephen)
33Hear another parable: There was a certain householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round about, and digged a winepress in it, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country: 34And when the time of the fruit drew near, he sent his servants to the husbandmen, that they might receive the fruits of it. 35And the husbandmen took his servants, and beat one, and killed another, and stoned another. 36Again, he sent other servants more than the first: and they did unto them likewise. 37But last of all he sent unto them his son, saying, They will reverence my son. 38But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance. 39And they caught him, and cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him. 40When the lord therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do unto those husbandmen? 41They say unto him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons. 42Jesus saith unto them, Did ye never read in the scriptures, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner: this is the Lord’s doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes?