Great Lent, day 5 · 44 days until Pascha
St Raphael Bishop of Brooklyn
Saints commemorated
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Saint of the day
Raphael of Brooklyn
Raphael Hawaweeny (1860–1915) was the first Orthodox bishop consecrated on North American soil and the shepherd of the scattered Arab Orthodox faithful of the New World — "the Good Shepherd of the Lost Sheep in America." Born in Beirut to Damascene refugees, formed in Damascus, at Halki, and at the Theological Academy of Kiev, and a priest of the Church of Antioch serving in Russia, he was sent in 1895 to gather the Syrian Orthodox immigrants of the United States and Canada. From his cathedral of Saint Nicholas in Brooklyn he travelled the continent without rest, founding some thirty parishes, printing the first Orthodox service-books in America, and in 1904 receiving episcopal consecration at the hands of the future Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow. He reposed in 1915, worn out in the service of his people, and was glorified in 2000 by the Orthodox Church in America and the Antiochian Archdiocese together. He is kept on February 27, the day of his repose.
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Our Holy Father Procopius of Decapolis (9th c.)
Prokopius the Confessor of Decapolis (†c. 750) was a monk of the region of the Decapolis, east of the Sea of Galilee, who together with his companion Basil stood firm for the veneration of the holy icons in the first generation of the Byzantine iconoclast persecution. When the emperor Leo III the Isaurian proscribed the icons and turned the power of the state against those who honoured them, Prokopius openly confessed the ancient practice of the Church and taught that the honour paid to the image passes to its prototype. For this he was seized, imprisoned, scourged, and subjected to torments, enduring them without yielding. He outlived the persecuting emperor, was released at Leo's death, and returned to the ascetic life, in which he reposed in peace — a confessor, one who suffered for Christ yet was not slain. He is kept on February 27, on the eve of the commemoration of his fellow-sufferer Basil.
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Our Venerable Father Titus of the Lavra of the Kiev Caves (1190)
Titus (†1190) was a priest-monk of the Near (Antoniev) Caves of the Kiev Caves Lavra, remembered in the Caves Paterikon for a story of enmity overcome too late and forgiveness won at the edge of death. Bound in close friendship with a deacon named Evagrius, he fell with him into a bitter and lasting quarrel, in which the two served at the same altar without speaking, passing the incense and the peace to each other in silence and hatred. When Titus was struck down by a mortal illness he begged forgiveness of Evagrius, who — dragged to the bedside by the brethren — hardened his heart, refused, and fell dead in the very act of refusing, while Titus rose up healed. The tale became one of the Lavra's enduring lessons on the deadliness of unforgiveness. Titus reposed a monk in peace, and his relics rest in the Near Caves.
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Our Holy Father Leander, Bishop of Seville and Apostle of Spain (600)
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Asclepius and James of Syria
Asclepius and James (fifth century) were two ascetics of the Syrian countryside, of the region around Cyrrhus, remembered together on February 27 among the solitaries whose lives were gathered by Theodoret of Cyrrhus in his Religious History. Asclepius first pursued the ascetic life in his own village, drawing many after him into the discipline of prayer and fasting, before withdrawing into stricter solitude; James likewise lived the hermit's life in the same country of Syria. Little more is transmitted of them than the fact and the manner of their struggle, and they are honoured as fathers of the great fifth-century flowering of Syrian monasticism.
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Julian, Eunus, Besas and Macarius of Alexandria
Julian, Eunus, Besas and Macarius were martyrs of Alexandria in the persecution of the emperor Decius (c. 250), whose sufferings are recorded by an eyewitness generation in the letters of Dionysius of Alexandria, preserved by Eusebius. Julian, so crippled with gout that he could neither stand nor walk, was carried to his trial; borne with him was Eunus (Cronion, surnamed Eunus). Confessing Christ and refusing to sacrifice, the two were set on camels, scourged through the whole city, and at last consumed in quicklime before the people. Besas, a soldier who rebuked the crowd for mocking the martyrs, was denounced, and being himself a Christian was beheaded. Macarius, a Libyan, was burned alive. They are commemorated together on February 27.
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Stephen of Constantinople
Stephen (†c. 614) was a man of the imperial court at Constantinople under the emperor Maurice who renounced rank and wealth for the sake of the poor, founding at Constantinople a home for the aged — an almshouse or gerokomeion — and giving himself to the personal service of the old and destitute who sheltered there. Having exchanged the honours of the palace for the labour of charity, he became a monk in spirit and in deed, and reposed about the year 614, honoured by the Church as a father who made the love of the poor his whole ascetic discipline. He is commemorated on February 27.
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Thalelaeus of Syria
Thalelaeus the Hermit (†c. 460) was a Syrian solitary of the region near Gabala (Jableh) on the coast of Syria, remembered by his contemporary Theodoret of Cyrrhus for two things above all: the extraordinary austerity of his dwelling, and his ceaseless weeping — whence his surname "Epiklautos," the Ever-Weeping. He confined himself for years in a cramped hanging hut in which he could neither stand upright nor lie down, and wept without pause for his own sins and the judgment to come. From this outpost he overthrew a pagan cult that clung to the place, drew the local people to Christ, and became a source of healings. He is not to be confused with the unmercenary Martyr Thalelaeus of Cilicia (kept May 20). He is commemorated on February 27.
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Titus the Soldier of the Kiev Caves
Titus the Soldier (14th century) was a warrior who, grievously wounded in battle, turned from the world to the monastic life and became a monk of the Far (Feodosiev) Caves of the Kiev Caves Lavra, where he gave the remainder of his days to prayer and repentance and was healed of the passions as of his wounds. Little is recorded of him beyond this pattern — the brave soldier who exchanged the warfare of the world for the unseen warfare of the ascetic — and his relics rest among the wonderworking fathers of the Far Caves. He is commemorated on February 27, the same day as his namesake, Titus the priest of the Near Caves.
British Isles and Ireland
- St. Comgan, abbot of Glenthsen or Killeshin (c.565)
- Holy Martyr Alnoth of Stowe, nr
- Bugbrooke (c.700)
Troparia & kontakia
Troparion — Tone 8
With the streams of thy tears thou didst make the barren desert to bear; and by thy sighing from the depths thou didst yield fruit a hundredfold in thy labours; and thou becamest a luminary, shining upon the whole world with miracles, O Prokopius our venerable Father. Intercede with Christ our God that our souls may be saved.
Troparion — Tone 8
With the streams of thy tears thou didst make the barren desert to bear; and by thy sighing from the depths thou didst yield fruit a hundredfold in thy labours; and thou becamest a luminary, shining upon the world, O Thalelaeus our venerable Father. Intercede with Christ our God that our souls may be saved.
Readings
6th Hour
Isaiah 3.1-14
1For, behold, the Lord, the LORD of hosts, doth take away from Jerusalem and from Judah the stay and the staff, the whole stay of bread, and the whole stay of water, 2The mighty man, and the man of war, the judge, and the prophet, and the prudent, and the ancient, 3The captain of fifty, and the honourable man, and the counsellor, and the cunning artificer, and the eloquent orator. 4And I will give children to be their princes, and babes shall rule over them. 5And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour: the child shall behave himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the honourable. 6When a man shall take hold of his brother of the house of his father, saying, Thou hast clothing, be thou our ruler, and let this ruin be under thy hand: 7In that day shall he swear, saying, I will not be an healer; for in my house is neither bread nor clothing: make me not a ruler of the people. 8For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings are against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory. 9The shew of their countenance doth witness against them; and they declare their sin as Sodom, they hide it not. Woe unto their soul! for they have rewarded evil unto themselves. 10Say ye to the righteous, that it shall be well with him: for they shall eat the fruit of their doings. 11Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him: for the reward of his hands shall be given him. 12As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, they which lead thee cause thee to err, and destroy the way of thy paths. 13The LORD standeth up to plead, and standeth to judge the people. 14The LORD will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for ye have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.
Vespers
Genesis 2.20-3.20
20And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him. 21And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; 22And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man. 23And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man. 24Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh. 25And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed. 1Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden? 2And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: 3But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die. 4And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: 5For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. 6And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. 7And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons. 8And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden. 9And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou? 10And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. 11And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat? 12And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. 13And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat. 14And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life: 15And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. 16Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. 17And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; 18Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. 20And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.
Proverbs 3.19-34
19The LORD by wisdom hath founded the earth; by understanding hath he established the heavens. 20By his knowledge the depths are broken up, and the clouds drop down the dew. 21My son, let not them depart from thine eyes: keep sound wisdom and discretion: 22So shall they be life unto thy soul, and grace to thy neck. 23Then shalt thou walk in thy way safely, and thy foot shall not stumble. 24When thou liest down, thou shalt not be afraid: yea, thou shalt lie down, and thy sleep shall be sweet. 25Be not afraid of sudden fear, neither of the desolation of the wicked, when it cometh. 26For the LORD shall be thy confidence, and shall keep thy foot from being taken. 27Withhold not good from them to whom it is due, when it is in the power of thine hand to do it. 28Say not unto thy neighbour, Go, and come again, and to morrow I will give; when thou hast it by thee. 29Devise not evil against thy neighbour, seeing he dwelleth securely by thee. 30Strive not with a man without cause, if he have done thee no harm. 31Envy thou not the oppressor, and choose none of his ways. 32For the froward is abomination to the LORD: but his secret is with the righteous. 33The curse of the LORD is in the house of the wicked: but he blesseth the habitation of the just. 34Surely he scorneth the scorners: but he giveth grace unto the lowly.
Composite 2 - Proverbs 10, 3, 8 (St Raphael)
1The memory of a just man is praised, and the Lord’s blessing is upon his head. Blessed is one who has found wisdom; a mortal who knows understanding. To import her is better than treasures of gold and silver. She is more valuable than precious stones; nothing of value equals her worth. Justice proceeds from her mouth; she bears law and mercy on her tongue. Therefore, my children, listen to me, for I speak weighty things. And blessed is the one who keeps my ways. For my goings out are the goings out of life, and favour is prepared from the Lord. Therefore I exhort you, and utter my voice to the children of humankind. Because I, Wisdom, have prepared counsel, knowledge and understanding. I have called on them. Counsel and sureness are mine; prudence is mine, strength is mine. I love those who are my friends, while those who seek me will find grace. You innocent, then, understand cunning; you untaught, take it to heart. Listen to me, for I will speak weighty things, and I will open right things from my lips. Because my throat will meditate truth; lying lips are abominable before me. All the words of my mouth are with justice, there is nothing crooked in them nor twisted. They are all straight for those who understand, and right for those who find knowledge. For I teach you what is true, that your hope may be in the Lord and that you may be filled with spirit.
Proverbs 10.31-11.12 (St Raphael)
31The mouth of the just bringeth forth wisdom: but the froward tongue shall be cut out. 32The lips of the righteous know what is acceptable: but the mouth of the wicked speaketh frowardness. 1A false balance is abomination to the LORD: but a just weight is his delight. 2When pride cometh, then cometh shame: but with the lowly is wisdom. 3The integrity of the upright shall guide them: but the perverseness of transgressors shall destroy them. 4Riches profit not in the day of wrath: but righteousness delivereth from death. 5The righteousness of the perfect shall direct his way: but the wicked shall fall by his own wickedness. 6The righteousness of the upright shall deliver them: but transgressors shall be taken in their own naughtiness. 7When a wicked man dieth, his expectation shall perish: and the hope of unjust men perisheth. 8The righteous is delivered out of trouble, and the wicked cometh in his stead. 9An hypocrite with his mouth destroyeth his neighbour: but through knowledge shall the just be delivered. 10When it goeth well with the righteous, the city rejoiceth: and when the wicked perish, there is shouting. 11By the blessing of the upright the city is exalted: but it is overthrown by the mouth of the wicked. 12He that is void of wisdom despiseth his neighbour: but a man of understanding holdeth his peace.
Wisdom of Solomon 4.7-15 (St Raphael)
7But though the righteous be prevented with death, yet shall he be in rest. 8For honourable age is not that which standeth in length of time, nor that is measured by number of years. 9But wisdom is the gray hair unto men, and an unspotted life is old age. 10He pleased God, and was beloved of him: so that living among sinners he was translated. 11Yea speedily was he taken away, lest that wickedness should alter his understanding, or deceit beguile his soul. 12For the bewitching of naughtiness doth obscure things that are honest; and the wandering of concupiscence doth undermine the simple mind. 13He, being made perfect in a short time, fulfilled a long time: 14For his soul pleased the Lord: therefore hasted he to take him away from among the wicked. 15This the people saw, and understood it not, neither laid they up this in their minds, That his grace and mercy is with his saints, and that he hath respect unto his chosen.
Matins Gospel
John 10.1-9 (St Raphael)
1Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. 2But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. 3To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out. 4And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice. 5And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers. 6This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them. 7Then said Jesus unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep. 8All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them. 9I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture.
Epistle
Hebrews 13.17-21 (St Raphael)
17Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with grief: for that is unprofitable for you. 18Pray for us: for we trust we have a good conscience, in all things willing to live honestly. 19But I beseech you the rather to do this, that I may be restored to you the sooner. 20Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant, 21Make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is wellpleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.
Gospel
John 10.9-16 (St Raphael)
9I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. 10The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly. 11I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. 12But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep. 13The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep. 14I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine. 15As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep. 16And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.
Presanctified Liturgy