Great Lent, day 5 · 44 days until Pascha
Saints commemorated
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Saint of the day
Hieromartyr Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna
Polycarp (c. 69 – c. 155) was bishop of Smyrna, a disciple of the Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian, and — with Ignatius of Antioch, whose friend and correspondent he was — one of the Apostolic Fathers, the generation that received the faith directly from the Apostles and carried it into the second century. He was the living link between the Apostles and the great teachers who followed: Irenaeus of Lyons, who heard him preach as a boy, remembered how Polycarp told of his converse with John "and with the others who had seen the Lord." His one surviving writing, the Letter to the Philippians, and above all the Martyrdom of Polycarp — a letter of the church of Smyrna that is the earliest detailed account of a Christian martyrdom outside the New Testament — made his memory imperishable. Brought into the arena at about eighty-six years of age, he answered the proconsul's demand that he curse Christ with the words, "Eighty-six years have I served him, and he has done me no wrong; how then can I blaspheme my King who saved me?" Condemned to the fire, he was not consumed by it, and was dispatched at last with a dagger. He is kept on February 23.
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Saint Gorgonia (372)
Gorgonia (c. 325 – c. 372) was the elder sister of Gregory the Theologian and the daughter of the holy parents Gregory the Elder, bishop of Nazianzus, and Nonna. A married laywoman, mother, and mistress of a household, she was honoured by the Church not for martyrdom or monastic withdrawal but as a model of Christian womanhood in the world — chaste, charitable, prayerful, and steadfast — and her memory is kept almost wholly through the funeral oration her brother preached over her, one of the most affecting portraits of a Christian woman to survive from the ancient Church. Gregory tells how she brought her husband and her whole house to baptism, how she was healed of a grievous injury and a mortal sickness by prayer at the holy altar, and how she foresaw her own falling-asleep and died in peace with a verse of the Psalms on her lips. She is commemorated on February 23.
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Our Venerable Father Alexander the Unsleeping (430)
Alexander the Sleepless (c. 350 – c. 430) was the founder of the Acoemetae (Greek Ἀκοίμητοι, "the Unsleeping" or "Sleepless Ones"), the monks who kept the praise of God unceasing day and night, dividing themselves into relays of choirs so that the Divine Office was never once silent in their churches — a literal enactment of the Apostle's command to "pray without ceasing." Born in Asia and educated at Constantinople, he abandoned a promising secular career for the Syrian desert, gave away all he had, and after years as a solitary conceived the discipline of perpetual psalmody that would make his name. Restless, uncompromising, and often at odds with the settled authorities of Church and city, he led a wandering band of ascetics through Syria and Mesopotamia before founding his monastery near Constantinople; driven out and persecuted, he died at Gomon on the Bosporus about the year 430. His community became one of the most famous of the Byzantine world and supplied the first monks of the great Monastery of Stoudios. He is commemorated on February 23.
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Damian of Esphigmenou
Damian (thirteenth century, † c. 1280) was a hesychast of the Monastery of Esphigmenou on Mount Athos, a disciple of the elder Cosmas who, after his teacher's repose, withdrew to the neighbouring wilderness of Mount Samareia and there passed his life in stillness, prayer, and extreme asceticism. He is honoured among the venerable fathers of the Holy Mountain, and the tradition tells that at his death a sweet fragrance filled the region for many days as a sign of his sanctity. He is commemorated on February 23.
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The Syrian Desert Ascetics
On February 23 the Church commemorates a group of ascetics of the Syrian desert of the fifth century — John, Antiochus, Antoninus, Moses, Zebinas, Polychronius, Moses the Second, and Damian — hermits and mountain-dwellers of the region of Antioch and Cyrrhus whose memory is preserved chiefly through the Religious History (the Philotheos Historia) of Theodoret, bishop of Cyrrhus, the great chronicler of Syrian monasticism, who knew several of them himself. They belong to the golden age of the Syrian ascetic movement — the age of the stylites and the mountain solitaries — and are honoured together as labourers in the same desert and the same discipline of prayer, standing vigil, and severe abstinence. Of Antiochian and Syriac note, they are commemorated as a company on February 23.
British Isles and Ireland
- St. Jurmin of East Anglia, confessor (7th C)
- St. Milburgh, abbess of Wenlock (7th C)
- St. Boswell, abbot of Melrose (c.661)
Troparia & kontakia
Kontakion — Tone 1
Offering to the Lord the fruits of the reason through thy godly virtues, O wise Polycarp, thou wast shown forth worthy of God, O blessed hierarch; wherefore today we who have been enlightened by thy words hymn thy praiseworthy memory, glorifying the Lord.
Troparion — Tone 8 (from the common of a venerable father)
In thee, O Father, was the divine image kept secure; for taking up thy cross thou didst follow Christ, and by thy deeds thou didst teach us to despise the flesh, for it passes away, but to care for the soul, a thing immortal. Therefore doth thy spirit rejoice with the Angels, O venerable Alexander.
Troparion — Tone 8 (from the common of a venerable father)
In thee, O Father, was the divine image kept secure; for taking up thy cross thou didst follow Christ, and by thy deeds thou didst teach us to despise the flesh, for it passes away, but to care for the soul, a thing immortal. Therefore doth thy spirit rejoice with the Angels, O venerable Damian.
Troparion — Tone 4
A partaker of the ways of the Apostles and a successor to their thrones, O God-inspired one, thou didst find in the active life an ascent to divine vision; wherefore, rightly dividing the word of truth, thou didst contend for the faith even unto blood, O Hieromartyr Polycarp. Intercede with Christ our God that our souls may be saved.
Troparion — Tone 4 (from the common of the holy Fathers)
O God of our Fathers, who ever dealest with us according to thy forbearance: take not thy mercy from us, but by their supplications guide our life in peace.
Readings
6th Hour
Isaiah 3.1-14
1For, behold, the Lord, the LORD of hosts, doth take away from Jerusalem and from Judah the stay and the staff, the whole stay of bread, and the whole stay of water, 2The mighty man, and the man of war, the judge, and the prophet, and the prudent, and the ancient, 3The captain of fifty, and the honourable man, and the counsellor, and the cunning artificer, and the eloquent orator. 4And I will give children to be their princes, and babes shall rule over them. 5And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour: the child shall behave himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the honourable. 6When a man shall take hold of his brother of the house of his father, saying, Thou hast clothing, be thou our ruler, and let this ruin be under thy hand: 7In that day shall he swear, saying, I will not be an healer; for in my house is neither bread nor clothing: make me not a ruler of the people. 8For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings are against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory. 9The shew of their countenance doth witness against them; and they declare their sin as Sodom, they hide it not. Woe unto their soul! for they have rewarded evil unto themselves. 10Say ye to the righteous, that it shall be well with him: for they shall eat the fruit of their doings. 11Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him: for the reward of his hands shall be given him. 12As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, they which lead thee cause thee to err, and destroy the way of thy paths. 13The LORD standeth up to plead, and standeth to judge the people. 14The LORD will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for ye have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.
Vespers
Genesis 2.20-3.20
20And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him. 21And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; 22And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man. 23And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man. 24Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh. 25And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed. 1Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden? 2And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: 3But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die. 4And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: 5For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. 6And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. 7And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons. 8And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden. 9And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou? 10And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. 11And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat? 12And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. 13And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat. 14And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life: 15And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. 16Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. 17And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; 18Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; 19In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. 20And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.
Proverbs 3.19-34
19The LORD by wisdom hath founded the earth; by understanding hath he established the heavens. 20By his knowledge the depths are broken up, and the clouds drop down the dew. 21My son, let not them depart from thine eyes: keep sound wisdom and discretion: 22So shall they be life unto thy soul, and grace to thy neck. 23Then shalt thou walk in thy way safely, and thy foot shall not stumble. 24When thou liest down, thou shalt not be afraid: yea, thou shalt lie down, and thy sleep shall be sweet. 25Be not afraid of sudden fear, neither of the desolation of the wicked, when it cometh. 26For the LORD shall be thy confidence, and shall keep thy foot from being taken. 27Withhold not good from them to whom it is due, when it is in the power of thine hand to do it. 28Say not unto thy neighbour, Go, and come again, and to morrow I will give; when thou hast it by thee. 29Devise not evil against thy neighbour, seeing he dwelleth securely by thee. 30Strive not with a man without cause, if he have done thee no harm. 31Envy thou not the oppressor, and choose none of his ways. 32For the froward is abomination to the LORD: but his secret is with the righteous. 33The curse of the LORD is in the house of the wicked: but he blesseth the habitation of the just. 34Surely he scorneth the scorners: but he giveth grace unto the lowly.
Composite 8 - Isaiah 40, 41, 45, 48, 54 (Forerunner)
1Thus says the Lord: Comfort, comfort my people, says God. Priests, speak to the heart of Jerusalem. Comfort her, because her humiliation has been completed; for her has sin has been abolished, because she has received from the Lord’s hand double for her sins. A voice of one crying in the wilderness: Prepare the way of the Lord, make straight the paths of our God. Every valley will be filled and every mountain and hill made low; what is crooked will become straight, and the rough ways will be made smooth; and all flesh shall see the salvation of God. Go up onto a high mountain, you who bring good tidings to Sion; lift up your voice with strength, you who bring good tidings to Jerusalem. Lift it up, do not be afraid. I the Lord God, I, the God of Israel, will hearken and will not forsake them; but I will open rivers from the mountains and springs in the middle of plains. I will turn the wilderness into water meadows and the thirsty earth with water courses. Let the heavens rejoice from on high and let the clouds rain justice. Let the earth sprout and blossom with mercy and justice. Announce a voice of gladness to the end of the earth and let this be heard: Say that the Lord has delivered his servant Jacob. And if they thirst through deserts, he will bring water for them from a rock. Rejoice you barren who have never given birth, break out and shout, you who have never known birth pangs, for the children of the deserted are more than those of her who has a husband.
Composite 9 - Malachi 3, 4 (Forerunner)
1Thus says the Lord Almighty: See, I am sending my Angel, my messenger, before your face, who will prepare your way before you. And the Lord whom you seek will come to his temple. And who will endure the day of his entrance? And who will withstand at his appearing? Because he will enter like fire in a smelting furnace and like the lye of launderers. And he will come to you in judgement; and he will be a swift witness against the wicked and against adulteresses and against those swear falsely in his name and those who do not fear him, says the Lord Almighty. Because I am the Lord your God, and I have not changed and you, children of Jacob, have perverted the laws and not kept them. Therefore turn back to me and I will turn back to you, says the Lord Almighty. And all the nations will call you blessed and you will know that I am the Lord who discern between just and lawless on the day on which I make a peculiar possession of those who love me. Know then and remember the law of Moses my servant, as I gave him commandment on Horeb, to all Israel ordinances and judgements. And see, I will send you Elias the Thesbite, before the great and manifest day of the Lord comes; he will turn again the heart of father to son and of a man to his neighbour, lest when I come I smite the earth grievously, says the Lord Almighty, God the Holy One of Israel.
Composite 3 - Wisdom of Solomon 4, 5 (Forerunner)
1A just man if he comes to his end will be at rest. A just man who dies will condemn the ungodly who are alive; for they will see the end of a just man and will not understand what they counselled concerning him. For the Lord will break the ungodly, render them voiceless and cast them headlong, and he will shake them from the foundations and they will be utterly worsted in sorrow, and their memory shall perish. They shall come with fear at the accounting of their sins, and their iniquities will convict them to their face. Then the just will stand with much boldness in the face of those who afflicted him and made his toils of no account. When they see this they will be troubled with great fear and will be amazed at the wonder of his salvation. For they will say as they repent and with anguish they will groan and say: Is this he whom we fools once made a laughing stock and a byword of reproach? We reckoned his life folly and his end dishonour. How has he been numbered among the children of God and his lot with the Saints? Therefore we have erred from the way of truth and the light of righteousness has not shone on us and the sun has not dawned on us. We have been filled with paths of lawlessness and destruction and journeyed through trackless paths, but have not known the way of the Lord.
Presanctified Liturgy