Wednesday 21 May 2025
Leavetaking of Mid-Pentecost; SS Constantine and Helen, Equals-to-the-Apostles
Wednesday of the 5th Sunday of Pascha
Paschaltide, day 32 · 31 days since Pascha
Leavetaking of Mid-Pentecost; SS Constantine and Helen, Equals-to-the-Apostles
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Saints commemorated
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Saint of the day
Constantine and Helen
Constantine the Great (c. 272–337) and his mother Helen (c. 248–330) are commemorated together on May 21 as Equal-to-the-Apostles — the only sovereigns to whom the Byzantine calendar gives that title jointly. Constantine is the emperor who saw the sign of the Cross in the sky before the battle of the Milvian Bridge, ended three centuries of persecution by the agreement published from Milan in 313, founded Constantinople and gave it to the Theotokos, summoned and sat in the First Ecumenical Council at Nicaea in 325, and was baptised only at the very end of his life, dying in the white robes of the newly illumined on Pentecost 337. Helen, raised from obscurity to the rank of Augusta, went as an old woman on pilgrimage to Palestine, and in the tradition of the Church found there the True Cross and raised over the holy places the churches of the Resurrection at Jerusalem and of the Nativity at Bethlehem. The Church honours them not for personal blamelessness — the record of Constantine's household is dark, and the calendars have never pretended otherwise — but because through them the Church passed out of the catacombs into the open day.
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Holy New Martyr Pachomius (1730)
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Cassian the Greek of Uglich
Cassian was a Greek prince of the Crimea who became a Russian hermit. Born into the ruling house of Mangup — the principality of Theodoro in the Crimean highlands, the last fragment of Byzantine Gothia — and baptised Constantine, he came to Moscow in 1472 in the retinue of Sophia Palaiologina, the Byzantine bride of Ivan III, in the very years when his homeland was being extinguished by the Ottomans. He refused the estates and the boyar's rank the grand prince offered him, followed Archbishop Ioasaph of Rostov into the Ferapontov monastery on the White Lake, and was tonsured there with the name Cassian. Afterwards he withdrew to the Volga and founded, on the little river Uchma below Uglich, the hermitage of the Dormition that bore his name for four and a half centuries. He reposed on 2 October 1504, and is invoked in Russia especially for diseases of the eyes and the teeth and in fevers. He is kept a second time on May 21, because that is the feast of the emperor whose name he bore in the world.
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Christopher of Antioch
Christopher, Patriarch of Antioch from about 960 until 967, is the one medieval patriarch of the Antiochian see honoured as a martyr. A Christian of Baghdad named ʿĪsā, he came west into Syria as a secretary, entered the service of the Hamdanid court of Aleppo, took the monastic habit, and was raised to the throne of Antioch while the city was still under Muslim rule. He used his standing with the emir Sayf al-Dawla to obtain a reduction of the taxes on his Christian people and to rebuild and endow churches; and when the Antiochenes rose against the emir in 965 he kept faith with the ruler to whom he had given his word. That loyalty destroyed him. On the night of 22–23 May 967, a few months after Sayf al-Dawla's death, soldiers set on by his enemies in the city murdered him at supper, beheaded him, and threw his body into the Orontes. His people recovered and hid it, and when the Byzantines took Antioch in 969 it was enshrined with honour in the cathedral. His life was written within two generations by a man who had known him as a child — a rare thing in the hagiography of the Arabic-speaking Church — and it survives.
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Constantine, Michael and Theodore of Murom
Constantine of Murom and his two sons Michael and Theodore are venerated as the baptisers of Murom, the last considerable pagan city of Rus'. The prince came to his inheritance about 1092 to find the townspeople determined to keep their old gods; they killed his elder son Michael, whom he had sent ahead as an envoy, and threw the boy's body outside the walls. Constantine took the city, buried his son, and built a church on the spot where he fell — but he refused to force the inhabitants, and when a mob came armed to his house he went out to meet it holding an icon of the Mother of God, at the sight of which the whole crowd asked for baptism. The people of Murom were baptised in the Oka. Constantine reposed in 1129, having given the city churches, monasteries and a bishop's see, and was buried in his own Church of the Annunciation beside his sons; their relics were found incorrupt in 1553, and the three are kept together on May 21 as the "wonderworkers of Murom."
British Isles and Ireland
- St. Barrfoin the Missionary (6th C)
- St. Gollen (7th C)
Troparia & kontakia
Apolytikion
Sharing the manner of life of the Apostles and seated upon their thrones, thou didst find in the practice of the virtues the ascent to divine contemplation, O inspired of God; wherefore, rightly dividing the word of truth, thou didst contend for the faith even unto blood, O hieromartyr Christopher: intercede with Christ our God that our souls may be saved.
Apolytikion — Tone 8
Beholding in the heavens the figure of thy Cross, and receiving his calling not from men, as Paul did not, thine Apostle among sovereigns, O Lord, entrusted the Imperial City to thy hand. Keep it always in peace, at the intercessions of the Theotokos, O thou who alone lovest mankind.
Kontakion — Tone 8
To thee, our Champion Leader, we ascribe the prizes of victory, for we have been delivered from evils by the coming of thine honoured image, O Lady Theotokos; and we keep with gladness the festival of thy Meeting, and cry to thee as we have been taught: Rejoice, O Bride unwedded.
Kontakion — Tone 8
Having left a princely throne for a cell of branches, and riches for holy poverty, thou didst find in the wilderness what the courts of kings could not give thee, O venerable Cassian; wherefore the Mother of God herself appointed thee the place of thy labours, and we who have thee for our physician and our intercessor cry to thee: rejoice, O boast of Uglich and stranger who art become our own.
Kontakion — Tone 3
Today Constantine, together with his mother Helen, sets forth the Cross, the all-venerable wood: a reproach to the unbelieving Jews, and to faithful sovereigns a weapon against their adversaries. For our sake it has been shown forth as a great sign, and terrible in battle.
Kontakion — Tone 8
Rejoice, O city of Murom, in the princes who begat thee anew: for the father brought thee the font, and the son thy first altar, sealing thy faith with his blood; and standing together before Christ they ask peace for their people and great mercy for our souls.
Troparion — Tone 4
Today the most glorious city of Moscow is arrayed in gladness, having received thy wonderworking icon, O Sovereign Lady, as the dawning of the sun; and now, running to it and praying, we cry to thee: O all-wondrous Lady Theotokos, entreat Christ our God, who was made flesh of thee, that he preserve this city and all the cities and lands of the Christians unharmed from every device of the enemy, and save our souls, for he is merciful.
Troparion — Tone 4
Thou didst come from the east into the west, O father Cassian, and for Christ's sake didst forsake thy princely rank and the land of thy fathers, that thou mightest gain the one thing needful; and settling in the wilderness of Uchma thou didst raise up a house to the Mother of God, and wast shown to be a physician of the sick and a helper of the afflicted: pray to Christ God that our souls may be saved.
Troparion — Tone 4
O all-praised Constantine, thou didst take upon thee the labour of the Apostles and, with thy holy children Michael and Theodore, didst bring an unbelieving people out of darkness into the light of Christ; wherefore, standing now before the throne of the Master with those whom thou didst beget both in the flesh and in the Spirit, pray without ceasing for the city thou didst enlighten and for us who honour your memory.
Readings
Vespers
3[1] Kings 8.22-23, 27-30
22And Solomon stood before the altar of the LORD in the presence of all the congregation of Israel, and spread forth his hands toward heaven: 23And he said, LORD God of Israel, there is no God like thee, in heaven above, or on earth beneath, who keepest covenant and mercy with thy servants that walk before thee with all their heart: 27But will God indeed dwell on the earth? behold, the heaven and heaven of heavens cannot contain thee; how much less this house that I have builded? 28Yet have thou respect unto the prayer of thy servant, and to his supplication, O LORD my God, to hearken unto the cry and to the prayer, which thy servant prayeth before thee to day: 29That thine eyes may be open toward this house night and day, even toward the place of which thou hast said, My name shall be there: that thou mayest hearken unto the prayer which thy servant shall make toward this place. 30And hearken thou to the supplication of thy servant, and of thy people Israel, when they shall pray toward this place: and hear thou in heaven thy dwelling place: and when thou hearest, forgive.
Isaiah 61.10-62.5
10I will greatly rejoice in the LORD, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for he hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, he hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. 11For as the earth bringeth forth her bud, and as the garden causeth the things that are sown in it to spring forth; so the Lord GOD will cause righteousness and praise to spring forth before all the nations. 1For Zion’s sake will I not hold my peace, and for Jerusalem’s sake I will not rest, until the righteousness thereof go forth as brightness, and the salvation thereof as a lamp that burneth. 2And the Gentiles shall see thy righteousness, and all kings thy glory: and thou shalt be called by a new name, which the mouth of the LORD shall name. 3Thou shalt also be a crown of glory in the hand of the LORD, and a royal diadem in the hand of thy God. 4Thou shalt no more be termed Forsaken; neither shall thy land any more be termed Desolate: but thou shalt be called Hephzi-bah, and thy land Beulah: for the LORD delighteth in thee, and thy land shall be married. 5For as a young man marrieth a virgin, so shall thy sons marry thee: and as the bridegroom rejoiceth over the bride, so shall thy God rejoice over thee.
Isaiah 60.1-16
1Arise, shine; for thy light is come, and the glory of the LORD is risen upon thee. 2For, behold, the darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the people: but the LORD shall arise upon thee, and his glory shall be seen upon thee. 3And the Gentiles shall come to thy light, and kings to the brightness of thy rising. 4Lift up thine eyes round about, and see: all they gather themselves together, they come to thee: thy sons shall come from far, and thy daughters shall be nursed at thy side. 5Then thou shalt see, and flow together, and thine heart shall fear, and be enlarged; because the abundance of the sea shall be converted unto thee, the forces of the Gentiles shall come unto thee. 6The multitude of camels shall cover thee, the dromedaries of Midian and Ephah; all they from Sheba shall come: they shall bring gold and incense; and they shall shew forth the praises of the LORD. 7All the flocks of Kedar shall be gathered together unto thee, the rams of Nebaioth shall minister unto thee: they shall come up with acceptance on mine altar, and I will glorify the house of my glory. 8Who are these that fly as a cloud, and as the doves to their windows? 9Surely the isles shall wait for me, and the ships of Tarshish first, to bring thy sons from far, their silver and their gold with them, unto the name of the LORD thy God, and to the Holy One of Israel, because he hath glorified thee. 10And the sons of strangers shall build up thy walls, and their kings shall minister unto thee: for in my wrath I smote thee, but in my favour have I had mercy on thee. 11Therefore thy gates shall be open continually; they shall not be shut day nor night; that men may bring unto thee the forces of the Gentiles, and that their kings may be brought. 12For the nation and kingdom that will not serve thee shall perish; yea, those nations shall be utterly wasted. 13The glory of Lebanon shall come unto thee, the fir tree, the pine tree, and the box together, to beautify the place of my sanctuary; and I will make the place of my feet glorious. 14The sons also of them that afflicted thee shall come bending unto thee; and all they that despised thee shall bow themselves down at the soles of thy feet; and they shall call thee, The city of the LORD, The Zion of the Holy One of Israel. 15Whereas thou hast been forsaken and hated, so that no man went through thee, I will make thee an eternal excellency, a joy of many generations. 16Thou shalt also suck the milk of the Gentiles, and shalt suck the breast of kings: and thou shalt know that I the LORD am thy Saviour and thy Redeemer, the mighty One of Jacob.
Matins Gospel
John 10.9-16
9I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. 10The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly. 11I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. 12But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep. 13The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep. 14I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine. 15As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep. 16And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.
Epistle
Acts 13.13-24
13Now when Paul and his company loosed from Paphos, they came to Perga in Pamphylia: and John departing from them returned to Jerusalem. 14But when they departed from Perga, they came to Antioch in Pisidia, and went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and sat down. 15And after the reading of the law and the prophets the rulers of the synagogue sent unto them, saying, Ye men and brethren, if ye have any word of exhortation for the people, say on. 16Then Paul stood up, and beckoning with his hand said, Men of Israel, and ye that fear God, give audience. 17The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm brought he them out of it. 18And about the time of forty years suffered he their manners in the wilderness. 19And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Chanaan, he divided their land to them by lot. 20And after that he gave unto them judges about the space of four hundred and fifty years, until Samuel the prophet. 21And afterward they desired a king: and God gave unto them Saul the son of Cis, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, by the space of forty years. 22And when he had removed him, he raised up unto them David to be their king; to whom also he gave testimony, and said, I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after mine own heart, which shall fulfil all my will. 23Of this man’s seed hath God according to his promise raised unto Israel a Saviour, Jesus: 24When John had first preached before his coming the baptism of repentance to all the people of Israel.
Acts 26.1-5, 12-20 (Saints)
1Then Agrippa said unto Paul, Thou art permitted to speak for thyself. Then Paul stretched forth the hand, and answered for himself: 2I think myself happy, king Agrippa, because I shall answer for myself this day before thee touching all the things whereof I am accused of the Jews: 3Especially because I know thee to be expert in all customs and questions which are among the Jews: wherefore I beseech thee to hear me patiently. 4My manner of life from my youth, which was at the first among mine own nation at Jerusalem, know all the Jews; 5Which knew me from the beginning, if they would testify, that after the most straitest sect of our religion I lived a Pharisee. 12Whereupon as I went to Damascus with authority and commission from the chief priests, 13At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightness of the sun, shining round about me and them which journeyed with me. 14And when we were all fallen to the earth, I heard a voice speaking unto me, and saying in the Hebrew tongue, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks. 15And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest. 16But rise, and stand upon thy feet: for I have appeared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness both of these things which thou hast seen, and of those things in the which I will appear unto thee; 17Delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom now I send thee, 18To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me. 19Whereupon, O king Agrippa, I was not disobedient unto the heavenly vision: 20But shewed first unto them of Damascus, and at Jerusalem, and throughout all the coasts of Judæa, and then to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, and do works meet for repentance.
Gospel
John 6.5-14
5When Jesus then lifted up his eyes, and saw a great company come unto him, he saith unto Philip, Whence shall we buy bread, that these may eat? 6And this he said to prove him: for he himself knew what he would do. 7Philip answered him, Two hundred pennyworth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one of them may take a little. 8One of his disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, saith unto him, 9There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many? 10And Jesus said, Make the men sit down. Now there was much grass in the place. So the men sat down, in number about five thousand. 11And Jesus took the loaves; and when he had given thanks, he distributed to the disciples, and the disciples to them that were set down; and likewise of the fishes as much as they would. 12When they were filled, he said unto his disciples, Gather up the fragments that remain, that nothing be lost. 13Therefore they gathered them together, and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves, which remained over and above unto them that had eaten. 14Then those men, when they had seen the miracle that Jesus did, said, This is of a truth that prophet that should come into the world.
John 10.1-9 (Saints)
1Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. 2But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. 3To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out. 4And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice. 5And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers. 6This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them. 7Then said Jesus unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep. 8All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them. 9I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture.