St Theodore Tyro (the Recruit)

Saints commemorated

• Saint of the day

  

  Theodore the Recruit

  Theodore the Recruit (†c. 306) — Tyron, "the recruit" or "the conscript," from the Latin tiro — was a young soldier newly enrolled in the Roman legion, stationed at Amasea in Pontus during the persecution of Maximian, and one of the two great warrior-martyrs named Theodore whom the Church honours. Refusing to sacrifice to the gods, and given a stay in which the authorities hoped he would relent, he instead set fire by night to the temple of the Mother of the gods (Cybele/Rhea); arrested and racked, comforted in prison by a vision of Christ, he was at the last burned alive, and gave up his soul in the flames. His body was buried at Euchaita by a pious woman, Eusebia, and Gregory of Nyssa preached his praise at the shrine there. He is famous above all for a posthumous wonder: when Julian the Apostate secretly ordered the food of Constantinople defiled with blood offered to idols during the first week of Lent, Theodore appeared to the archbishop and bade the faithful eat boiled wheat (kollyva) instead — for which the Church keeps his memory each year on the First Saturday of Great Lent, besides his fixed feast on February 17.

• Ven. Gerasimus of the Jordan

  Gerasimus of the Jordan (early 5th century – 475) is one of the great fathers of the Palestinian desert, the founder of a celebrated lavra in the wilderness by the River Jordan and a contemporary and associate of Euthymius the Great. A native of Lycia in Asia Minor, he was formed as a monk in Egypt and the Thebaid before settling near the Jordan about the middle of the fifth century. Briefly drawn, in the turmoil that followed the Council of Chalcedon, into the Eutychian (Monophysite) error, he was recovered to the orthodox faith by Euthymius, whom he thereafter revered as his father in the desert. His lavra combined a coenobium for beginners with cells for the more advanced, under a rule of extreme austerity — five days a week in silent solitude on bread, dates and water, without fire or cooked food. He is loved above all for the lion he healed of a thorn and tamed, which served the monastery, was falsely suspected of theft and did penance, recovered the stolen donkey, and at last, finding its master dead, mourned and died upon his grave. He reposed in 475, shortly after Euthymius.

• Rt. Blv. Prince Daniel of Moscow

  Daniel of Moscow (1261–1303) was the first prince of Moscow and the progenitor of the line — the house of Daniel — from which came the Grand Princes and Tsars who gathered the Russian lands into a single realm. Youngest son of Alexander Nevsky, he received while still a child the small and obscure appanage of Moscow, the least of the principalities, and by a reign of rare peaceableness made it the seed of a kingdom. In an age of fratricidal wars among the Russian princes he shed as little blood as any ruler of his time, refusing to seize lands by force even in victory, and yet enlarging his inheritance — by the peaceful bequest of Pereslavl-Zalessky from a childless nephew, and by the annexation of Kolomna — so that Moscow rose from nothing to the first rank. He founded on the Moscow River the Danilov Monastery, the first monastery of the city, with its church of his patron Daniel the Stylite; took the great schema before his death; and reposed on March 4, 1303, asking in humility to be buried in the common monastery cemetery. His incorrupt relics were uncovered in 1652, and he is honoured as a heavenly protector of Moscow.

• St James the Faster of Phoenecia (6th c.)

  James the Ascetic (6th century), also called James the Faster, was a hermit near Porphyreon on the Phoenician coast whose life the Church holds up as one of her great examples of the power of repentance. After long years of ascetic labour, in which he received a gift of healing, he fell — tempted, he violated a young woman brought to him for her cure, and then, to conceal the deed, took her life. Cast into despair by the double sin, he was drawn back from the brink by the counsel of an experienced elder and gave himself to a repentance so profound — years enclosed in a tomb, weeping without ceasing — that God, in token of his forgiveness, answered his prayer for rain in a time of drought. He reposed in peace. His memory teaches that no fall is beyond the mercy of God for the soul that truly repents. He is commemorated on January 28.

• Gerasim of Vologda

  Gerasim of Vologda (early 12th century – 1178) is honoured as the first monastic founder and wonderworker of the Vologda land in the Russian north. A monk of the Gnilets (Dormition) Monastery near Kiev, he came north about the middle of the twelfth century to the small riverside settlement that would become the city of Vologda, and there, in the forest by the Kaisarov brook, built a church and monastery of the Holy Trinity — the earliest religious house of that whole region. Tradition remembers his prophecy that the obscure settlement would grow into a great city, and honours him as its heavenly founder. He reposed on March 4, 1178, the same day of the year on which, long before, he had received the monastic tonsure. He is not to be confused with the desert father Gerasimus of the Jordan, who is commemorated on this very same day.

• Paul and Juliana of Ptolemais

  Paul and Juliana were a brother and sister martyred at Ptolemais (Akko/Acre) on the coast of Phoenicia under the emperor Aurelian (270–275), about the year 273. When the emperor came to the city, Paul openly made the sign of the Cross at the passing of the pagan procession, and was seized; his sister Juliana, seeing him tortured, cried out against the judge and confessed Christ at his side. After cruel torments — in the course of which, the tradition holds, several of the soldiers set to torture them were themselves converted by the constancy of the martyrs and put to death — Paul and Juliana were beheaded, receiving together the crown of martyrdom. They are commemorated on March 4.

• Wenceslaus of Bohemia

  Wenceslaus (Václav, in the Russian books Viacheslav; c. 907–935) was the prince of the Czechs, grandson and pupil of the martyr Ludmila of Bohemia. Raised by her in the faith and educated in Slavonic, Latin and Greek letters, he ruled Bohemia with a mildness his nobles read as weakness — building churches, ransoming enslaved children, and founding the church of Saint Vitus in Prague — until his younger brother Boleslav, drawn into a conspiracy of the discontented, invited him to a church feast and cut him down at the church door of Stará Boleslav on the morning of September 28, 935. The first of the Slavic princes to accept death in Christ-like meekness, he is venerated among the passion-bearers as the heavenly patron of the Czech lands, and his cultus in Kievan Rus' prepared the way for Boris and Gleb.

British Isles and Ireland

• St. Owen (Owin) of Lichfield, hermit (c.670)
• Hieromartyr Adrian and Companions, bishop of the Isle of May in Scotland (c.875)

Troparia & kontakia

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