Saturday 25 May 2024
3rd Finding of the Head of St John the Baptist
Saturday of the 3rd Sunday of Pascha
Paschaltide, day 21 · 20 days since Pascha
3rd Finding of the Head of St John the Baptist
About Third Finding of the Head of the Forerunner →
Saints commemorated
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Holy Hieromartyr Therapon, Bishop of Cyprus (4th c.)
Therapon of Cyprus is the bishop-martyr of Kition (Larnaca) who was cut down upon the holy table while celebrating the Liturgy by raiders from the sea. A monk before he was a bishop, and by tradition a sojourner in Jerusalem before he came to Cyprus, he is honoured as bearing a double crown — the ascetic's and the martyr's — and the Greek proper of his feast turns upon exactly that. His relics were carried to Constantinople, first to the Theotokos at Blachernae and then to a church of his own name where myrrh flowed from his tomb; portions rest today on Mount Athos at Zographou, in Athens, and on Lesbos, where his cult is especially strong. Andrew of Crete (†740) preached an encomium in his honour, which fixes the latest possible date for his life.
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Holy Martyrs Pasicrates, Valentian, Julius and those with them (302)
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Albianos the Venerable
Albianos is a monastic saint of whom the calendar of Constantinople preserves one clause. Under May 25, beside the Third Finding of the Precious Head of the Forerunner and the martyr Celestine, the Greek Menaion notes that "the venerable Albianos is perfected in peace" — Ὁ ὅσιος Ἀλβιανὸς ἐν εἰρήνῃ τελειοῦται — and nothing further is transmitted: no monastery, no country, no century, no act. The two words that are transmitted are nonetheless informative, and they are what keep him a distinct commemoration: ὅσιος, the title of a monastic saint, not of a bishop or a martyr; and ἐν εἰρήνῃ, the synaxarion's formula for a peaceful repose as against a violent one. He is therefore not to be identified without more with the hieromartyr Albian of Anaea, who bore the same rare name and was burnt in a furnace under Diocletian, and whom the same books keep three weeks earlier on May 4.
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Celestine the Martyr
Celestine is a martyr known to the Church from a single line of the synaxarion. Under May 25, after the notice of the Third Finding of the Precious Head of the Forerunner, the Greek Menaion records that "on the same day the holy martyr Celestine, having had his heels pierced through with iron, is perfected" — and that is the whole of the surviving record: a Latin name, a manner of death, and a date. Later lists place him at Rome, which his name makes likely enough, but no passio survives, no persecution is named, and no century is transmitted. He is one of the many martyrs whose memory the calendar preserves precisely because nothing else about them was preserved.
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Innocent of Kherson
Innocent (Borisov), Archbishop of Kherson and Taurida, was the most celebrated preacher of the Russian Church in the first half of the nineteenth century — often called the Russian Chrysostom — and the author of The Last Days of the Earthly Life of Our Lord Jesus Christ, a book that shaped Russian devotion to the Passion for a century. A priest's son from Yelets, he rose with startling speed through the theological academies of St Petersburg and Kiev, where as rector he reformed the teaching of theology and founded Воскресное чтение (Sunday Reading), the first popular religious weekly in Russia. As archbishop of the newest and most mixed diocese of the empire he set himself to restore the ancient Christian sites of the Crimea — Chersonesus, where St Vladimir was baptised, Inkerman, Bakhchisarai, Cape Fiolent — in a project he himself called a Russian Athos. During the Crimean War he stayed in his diocese, went into the bombarded lines at Sevastopol, and buried the dead; the exertions of the ruined post-war diocese finished him. He reposed at Odessa in May 1857, was canonised locally in 1997 and glorified for the whole Church in 2017, and his relics rest in the Transfiguration Cathedral at Odessa.
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John the Forerunner
John the Forerunner and Baptist of the Lord — son of the priest Zachariah and the righteous Elizabeth, kinsman of Christ, desert ascetic, preacher of repentance at the Jordan, and the one found worthy to baptize the incarnate God — is honoured by the Orthodox Church above every saint except the Theotokos. The Lord himself pronounced the verdict the Church repeats: "among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater." Last and greatest of the prophets, he pointed to the Lamb of God with his finger, rebuked a king, was beheaded for righteousness' sake, and — the tradition sings — went as forerunner even to those in Hades. His cycle of six fixed feasts, from his Conception (September 23) to the Findings of his Head, structures the whole liturgical year, and every Tuesday of the week is dedicated to him.
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Urban of Rome
Urban was bishop of Rome from 222 to 230, in the reign of Alexander Severus — one of the calmest stretches the third-century Church was given, between the persecution under Septimius Severus and the storm under Decius. He is a genuinely historical pope, fixed by the Roman episcopal lists and by a Greek inscription recovered from the papal crypt in the Cemetery of Callixtus, and almost nothing else about him is securely known: the Liber Pontificalis credits him with converting many and with providing silver liturgical vessels for the Roman churches, and the Acts of St Cecilia make him the bishop who received Valerian and Tiburtius and buried the martyr herself. The Byzantine and Slavonic calendars keep him on May 25 as a hieromartyr; the modern historical judgement, which this entry records without setting aside the calendar's title, is that he most probably died in peace and was venerated as a confessor, the martyr's crown having been added later.
British Isles and Ireland
- St. Aldhelm, bishop of Sherborne (709)
- St. Dunchadh, abbot of Iona (717)
Troparia & kontakia
Apolytikion
As a divine treasure hidden away within the earth, Christ hath revealed thy Head to us, O Prophet and Forerunner. Wherefore, being all gathered together at the finding thereof, with songs inspired of God we hymn the Saviour, who saveth us from corruption by thine intercessions.
Apolytikion — Tone 1
Shining first in the labours of asceticism, O venerable one, thou didst put to rout every phalanx of the demons; and excelling afterwards in the contest of martyrdom, thou didst despise the threatenings of tyrants. Wherefore, having received a twofold crown from God, thou dost rejoice with the choirs of the angels and take thy delight, O Therapon the martyr, together with the venerable and the hieromartyrs. Glory to Christ who glorified thee; glory to Him who crowned thee; glory to Him who through thee worketh healings for all.
Kontakion
The luminous and divine pillar in the world, the lamp of the noetic Sun, the Forerunner, hath shown forth his light-bearing and godly Head unto the ends of the earth, and sanctifieth those who venerate it in faith and cry aloud: O wise Baptist of Christ, save us all.
Kontakion — Tone 1
Zachariah the great rejoiceth with splendour, with Elizabeth his all-glorious yokefellow, for she hath worthily conceived John the Forerunner, whom the Archangel announced with rejoicing, and whom we men honour as is due, an initiate of the grace of God.
Kontakion — Tone 4 (common of a hieromartyr)
A priest of Christ and a most honoured martyr, thou wast offered upon the holy table as the sacrifice thou didst thyself offer; wherefore, O Therapon, thou pourest out healings upon those who honour thee, and we glorify the Lord who crowned thee.
Troparion
In thee, O Father, the image of God was preserved unclouded, for thou didst take up the Cross and follow after Christ; and by thy deeds thou hast taught us to overlook the flesh, which passeth away, and to care for the soul, a thing immortal. Wherefore, O venerable Albianos, thy spirit rejoiceth with the angels.
Troparion
Thy martyr Celestine, O Lord, in his contest received an incorruptible crown from thee our God; for possessing thy strength he cast down the tyrants and shattered the feeble presumption of the demons: by his supplications save our souls.
Troparion
A rule of faith and an image of meekness, a teacher of abstinence hath the truth of thy deeds shown thee to be unto thy flock: therefore hast thou gained the heights by humility, and riches by poverty. O father and hierarch Innocent, intercede with Christ God that our souls may be saved.
Troparion — Tone 4
Rejoice, O barren one, that hadst not borne until now: for behold, thou hast conceived the lamp of the Sun, who is to enlighten all the world, that lay sick with blindness. Dance, O Zachariah, and cry out with boldness: the one to be born is the Prophet of the Most High.
Troparion
As a sharer in the ways and a successor to the thrones of the Apostles, O divinely inspired one, thou didst find in contemplation the means to ascend to divine heights; rightly dividing the word of truth, thou didst contend for the faith even unto blood, O hieromartyr Urban: intercede with Christ God that our souls may be saved.
Verses
The voice of one crying, hidden in the hollow of the earth, when the earth was cleft, sounded forth wondrously to all. On the five-and-twentieth they found the Forerunner's Head.
Readings
Vespers
Composite 8 - Isaiah 40, 41, 45, 48, 54
1Thus says the Lord: Comfort, comfort my people, says God. Priests, speak to the heart of Jerusalem. Comfort her, because her humiliation has been completed; for her has sin has been abolished, because she has received from the Lord’s hand double for her sins. A voice of one crying in the wilderness: Prepare the way of the Lord, make straight the paths of our God. Every valley will be filled and every mountain and hill made low; what is crooked will become straight, and the rough ways will be made smooth; and all flesh shall see the salvation of God. Go up onto a high mountain, you who bring good tidings to Sion; lift up your voice with strength, you who bring good tidings to Jerusalem. Lift it up, do not be afraid. I the Lord God, I, the God of Israel, will hearken and will not forsake them; but I will open rivers from the mountains and springs in the middle of plains. I will turn the wilderness into water meadows and the thirsty earth with water courses. Let the heavens rejoice from on high and let the clouds rain justice. Let the earth sprout and blossom with mercy and justice. Announce a voice of gladness to the end of the earth and let this be heard: Say that the Lord has delivered his servant Jacob. And if they thirst through deserts, he will bring water for them from a rock. Rejoice you barren who have never given birth, break out and shout, you who have never known birth pangs, for the children of the deserted are more than those of her who has a husband.
Composite 9 - Malachi 3, 4
1Thus says the Lord Almighty: See, I am sending my Angel, my messenger, before your face, who will prepare your way before you. And the Lord whom you seek will come to his temple. And who will endure the day of his entrance? And who will withstand at his appearing? Because he will enter like fire in a smelting furnace and like the lye of launderers. And he will come to you in judgement; and he will be a swift witness against the wicked and against adulteresses and against those swear falsely in his name and those who do not fear him, says the Lord Almighty. Because I am the Lord your God, and I have not changed and you, children of Jacob, have perverted the laws and not kept them. Therefore turn back to me and I will turn back to you, says the Lord Almighty. And all the nations will call you blessed and you will know that I am the Lord who discern between just and lawless on the day on which I make a peculiar possession of those who love me. Know then and remember the law of Moses my servant, as I gave him commandment on Horeb, to all Israel ordinances and judgements. And see, I will send you Elias the Thesbite, before the great and manifest day of the Lord comes; he will turn again the heart of father to son and of a man to his neighbour, lest when I come I smite the earth grievously, says the Lord Almighty, God the Holy One of Israel.
Composite 3 - Wisdom of Solomon 4, 5
1A just man if he comes to his end will be at rest. A just man who dies will condemn the ungodly who are alive; for they will see the end of a just man and will not understand what they counselled concerning him. For the Lord will break the ungodly, render them voiceless and cast them headlong, and he will shake them from the foundations and they will be utterly worsted in sorrow, and their memory shall perish. They shall come with fear at the accounting of their sins, and their iniquities will convict them to their face. Then the just will stand with much boldness in the face of those who afflicted him and made his toils of no account. When they see this they will be troubled with great fear and will be amazed at the wonder of his salvation. For they will say as they repent and with anguish they will groan and say: Is this he whom we fools once made a laughing stock and a byword of reproach? We reckoned his life folly and his end dishonour. How has he been numbered among the children of God and his lot with the Saints? Therefore we have erred from the way of truth and the light of righteousness has not shone on us and the sun has not dawned on us. We have been filled with paths of lawlessness and destruction and journeyed through trackless paths, but have not known the way of the Lord.
Matins Gospel
Luke 7.17-30
17And this rumour of him went forth throughout all Judæa, and throughout all the region round about. 18And the disciples of John shewed him of all these things. 19And John calling unto him two of his disciples sent them to Jesus, saying, Art thou he that should come? or look we for another? 20When the men were come unto him, they said, John Baptist hath sent us unto thee, saying, Art thou he that should come? or look we for another? 21And in that same hour he cured many of their infirmities and plagues, and of evil spirits; and unto many that were blind he gave sight. 22Then Jesus answering said unto them, Go your way, and tell John what things ye have seen and heard; how that the blind see, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, to the poor the gospel is preached. 23And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me. 24And when the messengers of John were departed, he began to speak unto the people concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness for to see? A reed shaken with the wind? 25But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they which are gorgeously apparelled, and live delicately, are in kings’ courts. 26But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? Yea, I say unto you, and much more than a prophet. 27This is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. 28For I say unto you, Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist: but he that is least in the kingdom of God is greater than he. 29And all the people that heard him, and the publicans, justified God, being baptized with the baptism of John. 30But the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the counsel of God against themselves, being not baptized of him.
Epistle
Acts 9.20-31
20And straightway he preached Christ in the synagogues, that he is the Son of God. 21But all that heard him were amazed, and said; Is not this he that destroyed them which called on this name in Jerusalem, and came hither for that intent, that he might bring them bound unto the chief priests? 22But Saul increased the more in strength, and confounded the Jews which dwelt at Damascus, proving that this is very Christ. 23And after that many days were fulfilled, the Jews took counsel to kill him: 24But their laying await was known of Saul. And they watched the gates day and night to kill him. 25Then the disciples took him by night, and let him down by the wall in a basket. 26And when Saul was come to Jerusalem, he assayed to join himself to the disciples: but they were all afraid of him, and believed not that he was a disciple. 27But Barnabas took him, and brought him to the apostles, and declared unto them how he had seen the Lord in the way, and that he had spoken to him, and how he had preached boldly at Damascus in the name of Jesus. 28And he was with them coming in and going out at Jerusalem. 29And he spake boldly in the name of the Lord Jesus, and disputed against the Grecians: but they went about to slay him. 30Which when the brethren knew, they brought him down to Cæsarea, and sent him forth to Tarsus. 31Then had the churches rest throughout all Judæa and Galilee and Samaria, and were edified; and walking in the fear of the Lord, and in the comfort of the Holy Ghost, were multiplied.
2 Corinthians 4.6-15 (Forerunner)
6For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. 7But we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us. 8We are troubled on every side, yet not distressed; we are perplexed, but not in despair; 9Persecuted, but not forsaken; cast down, but not destroyed; 10Always bearing about in the body the dying of the Lord Jesus, that the life also of Jesus might be made manifest in our body. 11For we which live are alway delivered unto death for Jesus’ sake, that the life also of Jesus might be made manifest in our mortal flesh. 12So then death worketh in us, but life in you. 13We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken; we also believe, and therefore speak; 14Knowing that he which raised up the Lord Jesus shall raise up us also by Jesus, and shall present us with you. 15For all things are for your sakes, that the abundant grace might through the thanksgiving of many redound to the glory of God.
Gospel
John 15.17-16.2
17These things I command you, that ye love one another. 18If the world hate you, ye know that it hated me before it hated you. 19If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you. 20Remember the word that I said unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord. If they have persecuted me, they will also persecute you; if they have kept my saying, they will keep yours also. 21But all these things will they do unto you for my name’s sake, because they know not him that sent me. 22If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloke for their sin. 23He that hateth me hateth my Father also. 24If I had not done among them the works which none other man did, they had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father. 25But this cometh to pass, that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a cause. 26But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me: 27And ye also shall bear witness, because ye have been with me from the beginning. 1These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be offended. 2They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service.
Matthew 11.2-15 (Forerunner)
2Now when John had heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent two of his disciples, 3And said unto him, Art thou he that should come, or do we look for another? 4Jesus answered and said unto them, Go and shew John again those things which ye do hear and see: 5The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. 6And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me. 7And as they departed, Jesus began to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken with the wind? 8But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? behold, they that wear soft clothing are in kings’ houses. 9But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? yea, I say unto you, and more than a prophet. 10For this is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. 11Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. 12And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by force. 13For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. 14And if ye will receive it, this is Elias, which was for to come. 15He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.