Paschaltide, day 36 · 35 days since Pascha
Blind Man; 3rd Finding of the Head of St John the Baptist
About Passion Icon of the Mother of God → · About Third Finding of the Head of the Forerunner →
Saints commemorated
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Holy Hieromartyr Therapon, Bishop of Cyprus (4th c.)
Therapon of Cyprus is the bishop-martyr of Kition (Larnaca) who was cut down upon the holy table while celebrating the Liturgy by raiders from the sea. A monk before he was a bishop, and by tradition a sojourner in Jerusalem before he came to Cyprus, he is honoured as bearing a double crown — the ascetic's and the martyr's — and the Greek proper of his feast turns upon exactly that. His relics were carried to Constantinople, first to the Theotokos at Blachernae and then to a church of his own name where myrrh flowed from his tomb; portions rest today on Mount Athos at Zographou, in Athens, and on Lesbos, where his cult is especially strong. Andrew of Crete (†740) preached an encomium in his honour, which fixes the latest possible date for his life.
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Holy Martyrs Pasicrates, Valentian, Julius and those with them (302)
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Albianos the Venerable
Albianos is a monastic saint of whom the calendar of Constantinople preserves one clause. Under May 25, beside the Third Finding of the Precious Head of the Forerunner and the martyr Celestine, the Greek Menaion notes that "the venerable Albianos is perfected in peace" — Ὁ ὅσιος Ἀλβιανὸς ἐν εἰρήνῃ τελειοῦται — and nothing further is transmitted: no monastery, no country, no century, no act. The two words that are transmitted are nonetheless informative, and they are what keep him a distinct commemoration: ὅσιος, the title of a monastic saint, not of a bishop or a martyr; and ἐν εἰρήνῃ, the synaxarion's formula for a peaceful repose as against a violent one. He is therefore not to be identified without more with the hieromartyr Albian of Anaea, who bore the same rare name and was burnt in a furnace under Diocletian, and whom the same books keep three weeks earlier on May 4.
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Celestine the Martyr
Celestine is a martyr known to the Church from a single line of the synaxarion. Under May 25, after the notice of the Third Finding of the Precious Head of the Forerunner, the Greek Menaion records that "on the same day the holy martyr Celestine, having had his heels pierced through with iron, is perfected" — and that is the whole of the surviving record: a Latin name, a manner of death, and a date. Later lists place him at Rome, which his name makes likely enough, but no passio survives, no persecution is named, and no century is transmitted. He is one of the many martyrs whose memory the calendar preserves precisely because nothing else about them was preserved.
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Innocent of Kherson
Innocent (Borisov), Archbishop of Kherson and Taurida, was the most celebrated preacher of the Russian Church in the first half of the nineteenth century — often called the Russian Chrysostom — and the author of The Last Days of the Earthly Life of Our Lord Jesus Christ, a book that shaped Russian devotion to the Passion for a century. A priest's son from Yelets, he rose with startling speed through the theological academies of St Petersburg and Kiev, where as rector he reformed the teaching of theology and founded Воскресное чтение (Sunday Reading), the first popular religious weekly in Russia. As archbishop of the newest and most mixed diocese of the empire he set himself to restore the ancient Christian sites of the Crimea — Chersonesus, where St Vladimir was baptised, Inkerman, Bakhchisarai, Cape Fiolent — in a project he himself called a Russian Athos. During the Crimean War he stayed in his diocese, went into the bombarded lines at Sevastopol, and buried the dead; the exertions of the ruined post-war diocese finished him. He reposed at Odessa in May 1857, was canonised locally in 1997 and glorified for the whole Church in 2017, and his relics rest in the Transfiguration Cathedral at Odessa.
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John the Forerunner
John the Forerunner and Baptist of the Lord — son of the priest Zachariah and the righteous Elizabeth, kinsman of Christ, desert ascetic, preacher of repentance at the Jordan, and the one found worthy to baptize the incarnate God — is honoured by the Orthodox Church above every saint except the Theotokos. The Lord himself pronounced the verdict the Church repeats: "among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater." Last and greatest of the prophets, he pointed to the Lamb of God with his finger, rebuked a king, was beheaded for righteousness' sake, and — the tradition sings — went as forerunner even to those in Hades. His cycle of six fixed feasts, from his Conception (September 23) to the Findings of his Head, structures the whole liturgical year, and every Tuesday of the week is dedicated to him.
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Urban of Rome
Urban was bishop of Rome from 222 to 230, in the reign of Alexander Severus — one of the calmest stretches the third-century Church was given, between the persecution under Septimius Severus and the storm under Decius. He is a genuinely historical pope, fixed by the Roman episcopal lists and by a Greek inscription recovered from the papal crypt in the Cemetery of Callixtus, and almost nothing else about him is securely known: the Liber Pontificalis credits him with converting many and with providing silver liturgical vessels for the Roman churches, and the Acts of St Cecilia make him the bishop who received Valerian and Tiburtius and buried the martyr herself. The Byzantine and Slavonic calendars keep him on May 25 as a hieromartyr; the modern historical judgement, which this entry records without setting aside the calendar's title, is that he most probably died in peace and was venerated as a confessor, the martyr's crown having been added later.
British Isles and Ireland
- St. Aldhelm, bishop of Sherborne (709)
- St. Dunchadh, abbot of Iona (717)
Troparia & kontakia
Apolytikion
As a divine treasure hidden away within the earth, Christ hath revealed thy Head to us, O Prophet and Forerunner. Wherefore, being all gathered together at the finding thereof, with songs inspired of God we hymn the Saviour, who saveth us from corruption by thine intercessions.
Apolytikion — Tone 1
Shining first in the labours of asceticism, O venerable one, thou didst put to rout every phalanx of the demons; and excelling afterwards in the contest of martyrdom, thou didst despise the threatenings of tyrants. Wherefore, having received a twofold crown from God, thou dost rejoice with the choirs of the angels and take thy delight, O Therapon the martyr, together with the venerable and the hieromartyrs. Glory to Christ who glorified thee; glory to Him who crowned thee; glory to Him who through thee worketh healings for all.
Kontakion — Tone 8
Beholding the cross and the lance borne by the angels, the Child turned to thee and took thy hand, O Virgin; and thou didst hold him fast, knowing what was to come. Wherefore hold us also in the hour of our fear, and let us not be shaken.
Kontakion
The luminous and divine pillar in the world, the lamp of the noetic Sun, the Forerunner, hath shown forth his light-bearing and godly Head unto the ends of the earth, and sanctifieth those who venerate it in faith and cry aloud: O wise Baptist of Christ, save us all.
Kontakion — Tone 1
Zachariah the great rejoiceth with splendour, with Elizabeth his all-glorious yokefellow, for she hath worthily conceived John the Forerunner, whom the Archangel announced with rejoicing, and whom we men honour as is due, an initiate of the grace of God.
Kontakion — Tone 4 (common of a hieromartyr)
A priest of Christ and a most honoured martyr, thou wast offered upon the holy table as the sacrifice thou didst thyself offer; wherefore, O Therapon, thou pourest out healings upon those who honour thee, and we glorify the Lord who crowned thee.
Troparion — Tone 4
Today the faithful keep radiant festival, overshadowed by thy coming, O Mother of God; and gazing upon thy most pure image we cry with compunction: shelter us beneath the precious veil of thy protection, and deliver us from every ill, entreating thy Son, Christ our God, to save our souls.
Troparion
In thee, O Father, the image of God was preserved unclouded, for thou didst take up the Cross and follow after Christ; and by thy deeds thou hast taught us to overlook the flesh, which passeth away, and to care for the soul, a thing immortal. Wherefore, O venerable Albianos, thy spirit rejoiceth with the angels.
Troparion
Thy martyr Celestine, O Lord, in his contest received an incorruptible crown from thee our God; for possessing thy strength he cast down the tyrants and shattered the feeble presumption of the demons: by his supplications save our souls.
Troparion
A rule of faith and an image of meekness, a teacher of abstinence hath the truth of thy deeds shown thee to be unto thy flock: therefore hast thou gained the heights by humility, and riches by poverty. O father and hierarch Innocent, intercede with Christ God that our souls may be saved.
Troparion — Tone 4
Rejoice, O barren one, that hadst not borne until now: for behold, thou hast conceived the lamp of the Sun, who is to enlighten all the world, that lay sick with blindness. Dance, O Zachariah, and cry out with boldness: the one to be born is the Prophet of the Most High.
Troparion
As a sharer in the ways and a successor to the thrones of the Apostles, O divinely inspired one, thou didst find in contemplation the means to ascend to divine heights; rightly dividing the word of truth, thou didst contend for the faith even unto blood, O hieromartyr Urban: intercede with Christ God that our souls may be saved.
Verses
The voice of one crying, hidden in the hollow of the earth, when the earth was cleft, sounded forth wondrously to all. On the five-and-twentieth they found the Forerunner's Head.
Readings
Vespers
Composite 8 - Isaiah 40, 41, 45, 48, 54
1Thus says the Lord: Comfort, comfort my people, says God. Priests, speak to the heart of Jerusalem. Comfort her, because her humiliation has been completed; for her has sin has been abolished, because she has received from the Lord’s hand double for her sins. A voice of one crying in the wilderness: Prepare the way of the Lord, make straight the paths of our God. Every valley will be filled and every mountain and hill made low; what is crooked will become straight, and the rough ways will be made smooth; and all flesh shall see the salvation of God. Go up onto a high mountain, you who bring good tidings to Sion; lift up your voice with strength, you who bring good tidings to Jerusalem. Lift it up, do not be afraid. I the Lord God, I, the God of Israel, will hearken and will not forsake them; but I will open rivers from the mountains and springs in the middle of plains. I will turn the wilderness into water meadows and the thirsty earth with water courses. Let the heavens rejoice from on high and let the clouds rain justice. Let the earth sprout and blossom with mercy and justice. Announce a voice of gladness to the end of the earth and let this be heard: Say that the Lord has delivered his servant Jacob. And if they thirst through deserts, he will bring water for them from a rock. Rejoice you barren who have never given birth, break out and shout, you who have never known birth pangs, for the children of the deserted are more than those of her who has a husband.
Composite 9 - Malachi 3, 4
1Thus says the Lord Almighty: See, I am sending my Angel, my messenger, before your face, who will prepare your way before you. And the Lord whom you seek will come to his temple. And who will endure the day of his entrance? And who will withstand at his appearing? Because he will enter like fire in a smelting furnace and like the lye of launderers. And he will come to you in judgement; and he will be a swift witness against the wicked and against adulteresses and against those swear falsely in his name and those who do not fear him, says the Lord Almighty. Because I am the Lord your God, and I have not changed and you, children of Jacob, have perverted the laws and not kept them. Therefore turn back to me and I will turn back to you, says the Lord Almighty. And all the nations will call you blessed and you will know that I am the Lord who discern between just and lawless on the day on which I make a peculiar possession of those who love me. Know then and remember the law of Moses my servant, as I gave him commandment on Horeb, to all Israel ordinances and judgements. And see, I will send you Elias the Thesbite, before the great and manifest day of the Lord comes; he will turn again the heart of father to son and of a man to his neighbour, lest when I come I smite the earth grievously, says the Lord Almighty, God the Holy One of Israel.
Composite 3 - Wisdom of Solomon 4, 5
1A just man if he comes to his end will be at rest. A just man who dies will condemn the ungodly who are alive; for they will see the end of a just man and will not understand what they counselled concerning him. For the Lord will break the ungodly, render them voiceless and cast them headlong, and he will shake them from the foundations and they will be utterly worsted in sorrow, and their memory shall perish. They shall come with fear at the accounting of their sins, and their iniquities will convict them to their face. Then the just will stand with much boldness in the face of those who afflicted him and made his toils of no account. When they see this they will be troubled with great fear and will be amazed at the wonder of his salvation. For they will say as they repent and with anguish they will groan and say: Is this he whom we fools once made a laughing stock and a byword of reproach? We reckoned his life folly and his end dishonour. How has he been numbered among the children of God and his lot with the Saints? Therefore we have erred from the way of truth and the light of righteousness has not shone on us and the sun has not dawned on us. We have been filled with paths of lawlessness and destruction and journeyed through trackless paths, but have not known the way of the Lord.
8th Matins Gospel
John 20.11-18
11But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the sepulchre, 12And seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain. 13And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him. 14And when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus. 15Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if thou have borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away. 16Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master. 17Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God. 18Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken these things unto her.
Epistle
Acts 16.16-34
16And it came to pass, as we went to prayer, a certain damsel possessed with a spirit of divination met us, which brought her masters much gain by soothsaying: 17The same followed Paul and us, and cried, saying, These men are the servants of the most high God, which shew unto us the way of salvation. 18And this did she many days. But Paul, being grieved, turned and said to the spirit, I command thee in the name of Jesus Christ to come out of her. And he came out the same hour. 19And when her masters saw that the hope of their gains was gone, they caught Paul and Silas, and drew them into the marketplace unto the rulers, 20And brought them to the magistrates, saying, These men, being Jews, do exceedingly trouble our city, 21And teach customs, which are not lawful for us to receive, neither to observe, being Romans. 22And the multitude rose up together against them: and the magistrates rent off their clothes, and commanded to beat them. 23And when they had laid many stripes upon them, they cast them into prison, charging the jailor to keep them safely: 24Who, having received such a charge, thrust them into the inner prison, and made their feet fast in the stocks. 25And at midnight Paul and Silas prayed, and sang praises unto God: and the prisoners heard them. 26And suddenly there was a great earthquake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken: and immediately all the doors were opened, and every one’s bands were loosed. 27And the keeper of the prison awaking out of his sleep, and seeing the prison doors open, he drew out his sword, and would have killed himself, supposing that the prisoners had been fled. 28But Paul cried with a loud voice, saying, Do thyself no harm: for we are all here. 29Then he called for a light, and sprang in, and came trembling, and fell down before Paul and Silas, 30And brought them out, and said, Sirs, what must I do to be saved? 31And they said, Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved, and thy house. 32And they spake unto him the word of the Lord, and to all that were in his house. 33And he took them the same hour of the night, and washed their stripes; and was baptized, he and all his, straightway. 34And when he had brought them into his house, he set meat before them, and rejoiced, believing in God with all his house.
2 Corinthians 4.6-15 (Forerunner)
6For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. 7But we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us. 8We are troubled on every side, yet not distressed; we are perplexed, but not in despair; 9Persecuted, but not forsaken; cast down, but not destroyed; 10Always bearing about in the body the dying of the Lord Jesus, that the life also of Jesus might be made manifest in our body. 11For we which live are alway delivered unto death for Jesus’ sake, that the life also of Jesus might be made manifest in our mortal flesh. 12So then death worketh in us, but life in you. 13We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken; we also believe, and therefore speak; 14Knowing that he which raised up the Lord Jesus shall raise up us also by Jesus, and shall present us with you. 15For all things are for your sakes, that the abundant grace might through the thanksgiving of many redound to the glory of God.
Gospel
John 9.1-38
1And as Jesus passed by, he saw a man which was blind from his birth. 2And his disciples asked him, saying, Master, who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind? 3Jesus answered, Neither hath this man sinned, nor his parents: but that the works of God should be made manifest in him. 4I must work the works of him that sent me, while it is day: the night cometh, when no man can work. 5As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world. 6When he had thus spoken, he spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay, 7And said unto him, Go, wash in the pool of Siloam, (which is by interpretation, Sent.) He went his way therefore, and washed, and came seeing. 8The neighbours therefore, and they which before had seen him that he was blind, said, Is not this he that sat and begged? 9Some said, This is he: others said, He is like him: but he said, I am he. 10Therefore said they unto him, How were thine eyes opened? 11He answered and said, A man that is called Jesus made clay, and anointed mine eyes, and said unto me, Go to the pool of Siloam, and wash: and I went and washed, and I received sight. 12Then said they unto him, Where is he? He said, I know not. 13They brought to the Pharisees him that aforetime was blind. 14And it was the sabbath day when Jesus made the clay, and opened his eyes. 15Then again the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight. He said unto them, He put clay upon mine eyes, and I washed, and do see. 16Therefore said some of the Pharisees, This man is not of God, because he keepeth not the sabbath day. Others said, How can a man that is a sinner do such miracles? And there was a division among them. 17They say unto the blind man again, What sayest thou of him, that he hath opened thine eyes? He said, He is a prophet. 18But the Jews did not believe concerning him, that he had been blind, and received his sight, until they called the parents of him that had received his sight. 19And they asked them, saying, Is this your son, who ye say was born blind? how then doth he now see? 20His parents answered them and said, We know that this is our son, and that he was born blind: 21But by what means he now seeth, we know not; or who hath opened his eyes, we know not: he is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself. 22These words spake his parents, because they feared the Jews: for the Jews had agreed already, that if any man did confess that he was Christ, he should be put out of the synagogue. 23Therefore said his parents, He is of age; ask him. 24Then again called they the man that was blind, and said unto him, Give God the praise: we know that this man is a sinner. 25He answered and said, Whether he be a sinner or no, I know not: one thing I know, that, whereas I was blind, now I see. 26Then said they to him again, What did he to thee? how opened he thine eyes? 27He answered them, I have told you already, and ye did not hear: wherefore would ye hear it again? will ye also be his disciples? 28Then they reviled him, and said, Thou art his disciple; but we are Moses’ disciples. 29We know that God spake unto Moses: as for this fellow, we know not from whence he is. 30The man answered and said unto them, Why herein is a marvellous thing, that ye know not from whence he is, and yet he hath opened mine eyes. 31Now we know that God heareth not sinners: but if any man be a worshipper of God, and doeth his will, him he heareth. 32Since the world began was it not heard that any man opened the eyes of one that was born blind. 33If this man were not of God, he could do nothing. 34They answered and said unto him, Thou wast altogether born in sins, and dost thou teach us? And they cast him out. 35Jesus heard that they had cast him out; and when he had found him, he said unto him, Dost thou believe on the Son of God? 36He answered and said, Who is he, Lord, that I might believe on him? 37And Jesus said unto him, Thou hast both seen him, and it is he that talketh with thee. 38And he said, Lord, I believe. And he worshipped him.
Matthew 11.2-15 (Forerunner)
2Now when John had heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent two of his disciples, 3And said unto him, Art thou he that should come, or do we look for another? 4Jesus answered and said unto them, Go and shew John again those things which ye do hear and see: 5The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. 6And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me. 7And as they departed, Jesus began to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken with the wind? 8But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? behold, they that wear soft clothing are in kings’ houses. 9But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? yea, I say unto you, and more than a prophet. 10For this is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. 11Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. 12And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by force. 13For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. 14And if ye will receive it, this is Elias, which was for to come. 15He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.